Rev Med UAS
Vol. 12: No. 3. Julio-Septiembre 2022
ISSN 2007-8013

Leucemia mieloide crónica: Un artículo de divulgación científica

Chronic myeloid leukemia: A science communication paper

Juan Pablo Meza-Espinoza1, Juan Ramón González-García2, José Alfredo Contreras-Gutiérrez3, Verónica Judith Picos-Cárdenas4

  1. Doctor en Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales de Matamoros, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. Tamaulipas, México.
  2. Doctor en Genética Humana, División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Jalisco, México.
  3. M en C en Ciencias de la Salud, Centro de Investigación y Docencias en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDOCS) y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa.
  4. Doctora en Genética Humana, Laboratorio de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa; Servicio de Medicina Genética, Hospital General de Culiacán, Servicios de Salud de Sinaloa; Núcleo Académico Básico del Programa de Posgrado de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa. Sinaloa, México.

* Correspondencia: Dra. Verónica Judith Picos-Cárdenas
Laboratorio de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sin., México.
Tel. 6677538801. Fax. 6677538802. e-mail: veronicapicos@uas.edu.mx

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.28960/revmeduas.2007-8013.v12.n3.010

Texto Completo PDF

Recibido 14 de septiembre 2021, aceptado 13 de mayo 2022

RESUMEN
La leucemia mieloide crónica (LMC) es una enfermedad de la sangre caracterizada por aumento de leucocitos y del tamaño del bazo. Su origen ha sido asociado con exposición a radiación ionizante. En más del 90% de los pacientes se encuentra una translocación cromosómica, la t(9;22)(q34;q11), conocida también como cromosoma Filadelfia, misma que da lugar a la formación del gen híbrido BCR/ABL1, el cual genera una proteína híbrida que tiene la capacidad de transformar a las células afectadas y producir la leucemia. El tratamiento de vanguardia se basa principalmente en fármacos específicos que contrarrestan la actividad de la proteína híbrida de BCR/ABL1, con los que se obtienen excelentes resultados. Sin embargo, es común encontrar pacientes con recaídas, por lo que es fundamental el seguimiento constante de la enfermedad a través de estudios citogenéticos y moleculares.
Palabras clave: LMC, t(9;22)(q34;q11), Ph , transcrito BCR/ABL1, remisión molecular.

Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a blood disease characterized by leukocytosis and splenomegaly. Its origin has been associated with exposure to ionizing radiation, and more than 90% of patients are carriers of the t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation, known also as Philadelphia chromosome, which leads to the formation of the BCR/ABL1 hybrid gene, that has the capacity to transform the affected cells and produce leukemia. Treatment is mainly based on specific drugs against BCR/ABL1 protein, with which excellent results are obtained. However, it is common to find patients with relapses, so constant monitoring of the disease by means of cytogenetic and molecular studies is essential.
Key words:CML, t(9;22)(q34;q11), Ph, BCR/ABL1 transcript, molecular remission

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