Rev Med UAS
Vol. 10: No. 2. Abril-Junio 2020
ISSN 2007-8013

Recomendaciones para el personal de salud sobre el manejo de pacientes quirúrgicos durante la Pandemia COVID-19

Recommendations for health personnel on the management of surgical patients during COVID-19 Pandemic

Martín Adrián Bolívar-Rodríguez1, Adrián Pamanes-Lozano2*, Marcel Antonio Cázarez-Aguilar2, José Cándido Ortiz-Bojórquez2, Pedro Alejandro Magaña-Zavala2, Fred Morgan-Ortiz3, Benny Alonso Osuna-Wong4, José Martín Niebla-Moreno5

  1. Jefe de División de Cirugía y Cirugía General del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa y el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  2. Médico Especialista en Cirugía General adscrito al Servicio de Cirugía General del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa y el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  3. Médico Especialista en Ginecología y Obstetricia adscrito al Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa y el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  4. Médico Especialista en Cirugía General y Sub Especialista en Coloproctología adscrito al Servicio de Coloproctología del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa y el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  5. Médico Residente de cuarto año de Cirugía General en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa y el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.

*Correspondencia: Dr. Adrián Pamanes Lozano
Domicilio: Calle Eustaquio Buelna No. 91, Colonia Gabriel Leyva C.P. 80030, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
Tel. (667) 7132606, Correo: pamanes.adrian@gmail.com

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.28960/revmeduas.2007-8013.v10.n2.006

Texto Completo PDF

Recibido 05 de Mayo 2020, aceptado 05 de Junio 2020

RESUMEN
El riesgo de síndrome respiratorio agudo por coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) en el personal de salud y de pacientes que ingresan a un área hospitalaria es más alto que la población en general, el cual persistirá al no existir vacuna. No solo debido a la exposición tan cercana con pacientes infectados o sospechosos de COVID-19, sino también al aumento de aerosoles que un paciente quirúrgico genera. Todo paciente quirúrgico deberá considerarse COVID-19 positivo hasta no tener la comprobación de negatividad. Se deben identificar los recursos disponibles para cirugía programada no diferible y cirugía de urgencia, además proveer al personal de salud y al paciente con las medidas de seguridad necesarias. Se elaboraron medidas fundamentadas con la experiencia clínica y recomendaciones de otros centros hospitalarios nacionales sobre el ingreso de paciente COVID-19 positivo a quirófano para obtener una disminución de riesgos para todos los integrantes involucrados en el proceso quirúrgico.
Palabras claves: Cirugía, COVID-19, Pandemia, SARS-CoV-2, Seguridad

ABSTRACT
Compared to the general population, there is an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 contagion in patients admitted to hospitalization as well as the working health personnel. Due to the lack of a vaccine, risk reduction will be hard to acquire. Surgical patients involve even a higher production of droplets and aerosol suspension. Therefore, every patient admitted to the operating room should be considered COVID-19 positive until ruled otherwise. Human and material resources should be identified for emergency and scheduled surgery during the pandemic. We elaborated a risk reduction scheme following international recommendations, clinical experience and resource accessibility.
Key words: Surgery, COVID-19, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, Safety

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