Rev Med UAS
Vol. 10: No. 2. Abril-Junio 2020
ISSN 2007-8013

Complicaciones pulmonares en el postoperatorio inmediato de colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva

Pulmonary complications in the immediate postoperative period of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Martín Adrián Bolívar-Rodríguez1*, Pedro Alejandro Magaña-Zavala1, Marcel Antonio Cázarez-Aguilar1, Adrián Pamanes-Lozano1, Oscar Abelardo Murúa-Millán2, Felipe de Jesús Peraza-Garay3.

  1. Servicio de Cirugía General del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa en el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  2. Servicio de Radiología e Imagen del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa en el Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  3. Departamento de Estadística del Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.

*Correspondencia: Dr. Martín Adrián Bolívar-Rodríguez
Domicilio: Calle Eustaquio Buelna No. 91, Colonia Gabriel Leyva C.P. 80030, Culiacán, Sinaloa
Tel. (667) 7132606. Correo: bolivarmartin64@hotmail.com

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.28960/revmeduas.2007-8013.v10.n2.004

Texto Completo PDF

Recibido 09 de Mayo 2020, aceptado 24 de Mayo 2020

RESUMEN
Objetivo: Determinar las complicaciones pulmonares producidas en el postoperatorio inmediato de la colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva sin eventualidades. --- Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, analítico, transversal y observacional, durante el primero de septiembre de 2017 al 30 de septiembre de 2018, de pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva con monitorización en el postoperatorio inmediato, realizando tomografía simple de tórax a 24 horas de realizado el evento quirúrgico. --- Resultados: Se incluyeron 139 pacientes, ninguno desarrolló complicación pulmonar postoperatoria. dieciocho (12.9%) pacientes asintomáticos presentaron alteraciones pulmonares en tomografía de tórax, correspondientes a atelectasias lineales asociadas estadísticamente al tiempo de cirugía, índice de masa corporal y neumoperitoneo. --- Conclusiones: La colecistectomía laparoscópica electiva no complicada en pacientes sin obesidad ni comorbilidades presenta un riesgo nulo de desarrollar complicaciones pulmonares.
Palabras clave: Complicaciones pulmonares postoperatorias, atelectasias, colecistectomía laparoscópica.

ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the pulmonary complications produced in the immediate postoperative period by elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy without eventualities. --- Material and methods: A prospective, descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional and observational study was conducted, from September 1, 2017 to September 30, 2018, in patients underwent to elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy with immediate postoperative monitoring, performing a simple thorax tomography 24 hours after the surgical event. --- Results: 139 patients were included, none of them developed postoperative pulmonary complication. Eighteen (12.9%) asymptomatic patients presented pulmonary abnormalities on thorax tomography, corresponding to laminar atelectasis, statistically associated with surgical time, body mass index and pneumoperitoneum. --- Conclusions: Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy without eventualities in patients without obesity or comorbidities presents a null risk of developing pulmonary complications postoperatory.
Key words: Postoperative pulmonary complications, atelectasis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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